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Rhythm
Model
Dr.
Joyce Fitzpatrick
R.N., PhD,
MBA, FAAN
Elizabeth Brooks Ford Professor of Nursing
Frances Payne Bolton
School of Nursing
Case Western Reserve University
Cleveland, Ohio
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According to Fitzpatrick, the identification and
labeling of concepts allows for recognition and
communication with others, and the rules for combining
those concepts permits thoughts to be shared through
language. Thus the concepts within a classification
system sanction the organization of ideas. Recognition
occurs when what is observed is placed into previously
learned classes, or categories, on the basis of
observed characteristics. It is therefore important to
remember that classification system development
parallels knowledge development in a discipline.
Moreover, the taxonomies of nursing diagnoses,
interventions, and outcomes provide an anchoring
framework for nursing knowledge.
The four content concepts
that comprise Fitzpatrick’s theory are person, health,
wellness-illness and metaparadigm. These concepts are
defined as follows:
Person: The term person integrates the
concepts of both self and others, and recognizes
individuals as having unique biological,
psychological, emotional, social, cultural, and
spiritual attitudes. They thrive on honor and dignity,
self-evaluation and growth and development. Throughout
a person’s life, many factors develop within a social
setting and interact with a multitude of environments
that can significantly influence that person’s health
and wellness.
Health: Health is
a dynamic state of being that results from the
interaction of person and the environment. Optimum
health is the actualization of both innate and
obtained human potential gleaned from rewarding
relationships with others, goal directed behavior, and
expert personal care. Adjustments can be made on an
“as needed” basis in order to maintain stability and
structural integrity. A person's state of health can
vary from wellness to illness, disease, or
dysfunction, and it changes continuously throughout
the person's life span.
Wellness-Illness:
Professional nursing is rooted in the promotion of
wellness practices, the attentive treatment of those
who are acutely or chronically ill or dying, and
restorative care of people during convalescence and
rehabilitation. Other dimensions of professional
nursing include the teaching and evaluation of those
who perform or are learning to perform nursing
functions, the support and conduction of research to
extend knowledge and practice, and the management of
nursing practice in health care delivery systems.
Nursing is a practice discipline and a profession that
is based upon a synthesized body of knowledge, which
is derived from inquiry and clinical evaluation
promoting wellness and diminishing illness.
Professional nurses acquire and maintain current
knowledge, are willing to participate in peer review
and other activities that insure quality of care, and
communicate effectively with recipients of care and
other health care providers. Thus the nursing practice
centers on the application of this body of knowledge
in an effort to maintain, restore, or enhance the
interactions between people and their environment.
Metaparadigm:
Transition is one of the core concepts of nursing
theory, derived from and related to the basic
metaparadigm concepts of person, environment, health
and nursing. While much of the research in nursing has
been focused on assisting individuals in their life
transitions, whether through phases of growth and
development, or experiences with health and illness,
the conceptualizations of the nursing profession as
focused on transitions has not been adequately
researched.
(Extract from: Pagewise
An overview of joyce fitzpatrick’s nursing theory
Written by A. L. Davidson Copyright 2002 by PageWise,
Inc)
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Books Available HERE from Amazon
Selected Publications:
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Fitzpatrick, J. J.
(1987). Use of existing nursing models. Journal of
Gerontological Nursing, 13(9), 8-9.
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Pressler, J. L. (1996).
Fitzpatrick’s rhythm model. In J. J. Fitzpatrick &
A. L. Whall (Eds.). Conceptual models of nursing:
Analysis and application (3rd ed., pp. 305-329).
Stamford, CT: Appleton & Lange.
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MacDonald du Mont, P.,
Alexander, J. E., Beckman, S. J., Chapman-Boyce, P.,
Coleman-Ehmke, S., Hailway, C. A., Justus, R. G.,
Pung, R. A., & Smith, C. R. (1998). Joyce J.
Fitzpatrick: Life perspective rhythm model. In A.M.
Tomey & M.R. Alligood (Eds.). Nursing theorists and
their work (4th ed., pp. 482-495). St. Louis: Mosby.
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